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Physics TAKE-HOME TEST 2010

Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 1. 
In the image below, which Vase has the least potential energy?
mc001-1.jpg
a.
white
c.
red
b.
blue
d.
they are all the same
 

 2. 
Most plants use a ____ to turn a generator.
a.
turbine
c.
photovoltaic
b.
motor
d.
engine
 

 3. 
In every energy transformation, some energy is always “lost” as ____ energy.
a.
chemical
c.
electrical
b.
radiant
d.
thermal
 

 4. 
The statement "for every action, there is an equal but opposite reaction" is a statement of ____.
a.
the law of conservation of momentum
c.
Newton's second law
b.
Newton's first law
d.
Newton's third law
 

 5. 
When a diver jumps off a diving board, gravity pulls him or her down to the water. What is the reaction force to Earth's gravity?
a.
The diver's legs push against the board.
b.
Friction between the diver and water slows the diver.
c.
Air resistance slows the diver.
d.
The diver pulls Earth up.
 

 6. 
When a rubber band is stretched, it has ____ energy.
a.
potential
c.
chemical
b.
kinetic
d.
nuclear
 

 7. 
If you exert a force on an object in motion you will change its ____.
a.
mass
c.
inertia
b.
weight
d.
momentum
 

 8. 
Whenever a body is in motion, there is always ____ to oppose the motion.
a.
friction
c.
gravity
b.
inertia
d.
acceleration
 

 9. 
A photovoltaic converts ____ energy.
a.
electrical to radiant
c.
radiant to thermal
b.
chemical to electrical
d.
radiant to electrical
 

 10. 
In the image below, radiant energy from the sun is stored as ____________ energy in molecules, that over millions of years, combined with heat and pressure produce fossil fuels.
mc010-1.jpg
a.
solar
c.
nuclear
b.
chemical
d.
thermal
 

 11. 
Acceleration involves a change in ____.
a.
time
c.
speed
b.
direction
d.
both b and c
 

 12. 
The picture below shows an actual nuclear power plant.  Which of the item(s) below constitute as a disadvantage of nuclear power?
mc012-1.jpg
a.
lots of waste
c.
radioactive materials pose a possible threat.
b.
air pollution
d.
All of the above
 

 13. 
A green plant has ____ energy.
a.
electrical
c.
chemical
b.
kinetic
d.
thermal
 

 14. 
If gravity did not affect the path of a horizontally thrown ball, the ball would ____.
a.
go straight up
c.
fall straight down
b.
travel horizontally
d.
follow a curved path
 

 15. 
Speed is the rate of change in ____.
a.
velocity
c.
direction
b.
time
d.
distance
 

 16. 
A burning fire produces ____ energy.
a.
kinetic and potential
c.
electrical and thermal
b.
radiant and thermal
d.
chemical and radiant
 

 17. 
A kite falling to the ground has ____ energy.
a.
potential
c.
chemical
b.
kinetic
d.
thermal
 

 18. 
In a nuclear power plant, nuclear energy is first changed to ____ energy.
a.
electrical
c.
chemical
b.
thermal
d.
radiant
 

 19. 
According to Newton's second law of motion, ____.
a.
F = mv
c.
t = Fnet /v
b.
F = m/a
d.
F= ma
 

 20. 
Unlike other forms of energy, thermal energy is hard to ____.
a.
transfer
c.
use
b.
generate
d.
store
 

 21. 
A blimp flying around over the Super Bowl has ____ energy.
a.
kinetic and potential
c.
potential and radiant
b.
kinetic and chemical
d.
kinetic and electrical
 

 22. 
When you graph the motion of an object, you put ____ on the horizontal axis and ____ on the vertical axis.
a.
speed, time
c.
time, speed
b.
distance, time
d.
time, distance
 

 23. 
Momentum is a measure of ____.
a.
how hard it is to stop an object
b.
the amount of matter in an object
c.
the tendency of an object to change its motion
d.
the amount of force acting on an object
 

 24. 
Inertia ____.
a.
depends on direction
c.
resists a change in motion of an object
b.
depends on momentum
d.
both a and b
 

 25. 
On a speed-time graph, a horizontal line shows the change in speed is ____.
a.
–10
c.
1
b.
10
d.
0
 

 26. 
The relationship among force, mass, and acceleration is stated in ____.
a.
the law of conservation of momentum
c.
Newton's second law of motion
b.
Newton's first law of motion
d.
Newton's third law of motion
 

 27. 
____ is an alternative resource.
a.
Coal
c.
Wind
b.
Natural gas
d.
Oil
 

 28. 
A limiting factor for using nuclear energy is the ____ produced.
a.
flooding
c.
waste
b.
pollution
d.
heat
 

 29. 
The force you have to overcome to start an object moving is ____.
a.
rolling friction
c.
sliding friction
b.
static friction
d.
air resistance
 

 30. 
The distance traveled divided by the time taken to travel the distance is ____.
a.
average speed
c.
momentum
b.
mass
d.
speed
 

 31. 
Newton's first law of motion states that an object remains at rest unless a ____ force acts on it.
a.
balanced
c.
gravitational
b.
frictional
d.
net
 

 32. 
The distance traveled divided by the time taken to travel the distance is ____.
a.
average speed
c.
momentum
b.
mass
d.
speed
 

 33. 
When object A collides with object B and bounces back, its final momentum is ____ its initial momentum.
a.
greater than
c.
in the same direction as
b.
less than
d.
in the opposite direction of
 

 34. 
____ is a fossil fuel.
a.
Gasoline
c.
Electricity
b.
Water
d.
Nuclear fuel
 

 35. 
Franky the Fox traveled 30 miles in 3 h. What is his speed in m/h?
a.
100 m/h
c.
10 m/h
b.
90 m/h
d.
.1 m/h
 

 36. 
Jack the Jaguar goes from 0 km/h to 45 km/h in 0.5 h. What is the acceleration in km/h2?"
a.
90 km/h2
c.
45 km/h
b.
-90 km/h2
d.
90 km/h
 

 37. 
During the windmill lab, Johnny’s windmill was the best by pulling up 55 paperclips (55grams) in 12.0 seconds.  If the length of the string was 100 cm what was the total amount of mW his wiindmill produced? 
Hint:  Solve for GPE first, then divide by 10,000, and finally divide by the time it took to convert into milliwatts.
a.
539 mW
c.
54.73 mW
b.
44.92 mW
d.
53.92 mW
 

 38. 
When you turn on a toaster oven, energy is converted from electrical energy to ____________ energy and radiant (light) energy.
a.
chemical
c.
nuclear
b.
kinetic
d.
thermal
 

 39. 
To describe velocity you need to know ____.
a.
speed and direction
c.
direction and acceleration
b.
speed and time
d.
speed and acceleration
 

 40. 
Which object would have the greatest acceleration if you pushed on it with a force of 8.2N.
a.
ball
c.
staples
b.
ruler
d.
sbook
 

 41. 
When a toy truck collides into a toy car, the momentum of ____ is the same before and after the collision.
a.
the truck
c.
the truck times the car
b.
the car
d.
the truck plus the car
 

 42. 
Forces that are equal in size but opposite in direction are ____.
a.
balanced forces
c.
inertial forces
b.
frictional forces
d.
net forces
 

 43. 
Newton's first law of motion states that an object remains at rest unless a ____ force acts on it.
a.
balanced
c.
gravitational
b.
frictional
d.
net
 

 44. 
Air resistance ____ as you move faster.
a.
increases
c.
remains the same
b.
decreases
d.
eventually disappears
 

 45. 
The upward force on an object falling through the air is ____.
a.
air resistance
c.
gravity
b.
inertia
d.
terminal velocity
 

 46. 
A feather falls through the air more slowly than a brick because of ____.
a.
gravity
c.
inertia
b.
air resistance
d.
momentum
 

 47. 
A 3,000-N force gives an object an acceleration of 15 m/s2. The mass of the object is ____.
a.
45,000 kg
c.
200 kg
b.
1,500 kg
d.
15 kg
 

 48. 
A 300-N force acts on a 25-kg object. The acceleration of the object is ____.
a.
7,500 m/s2
c.
25 m/s2
b.
300 m/s2
d.
12 m/s2
 

 49. 
With action-reaction forces, ____.
a.
the action force is created first
c.
the forces are created at the same time
b.
the reaction force is created first
d.
both forces already existed
 

 50. 
____ is a fossil fuel.
a.
Gasoline
c.
Electricity
b.
Water
d.
Nuclear fuel
 

 51. 
The form of energy in fossil fuels is ____ energy.
a.
nuclear
c.
radiant
b.
chemical
d.
electrical
 

Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.
 

 52. 
The law of conservation of energy states that energy can be neither created nor destroyed, but it can change its ____________________.
 

 

 53. 
A(n) ____________________ is a push or pull that one object exerts on another.
 

 

 54. 
An energy source that is used up much faster than it can be replaced is a(n) ____________________ resource.
 

 

 55. 
The speed you read from your speedometer is your ____________________.
 

 

 56. 
If your speed changes from 10 km/h to 6 km/h, you have a(n) ____________________ acceleration.
 

 

 57. 
Three ways to accelerate an object are to ____________________, ____________________, or ____________________.
 

 

 58. 
If an object is moving at a constant velocity and you want to change its momentum, you would change its ____________________.
 

 

 59. 
Momentum has the same direction as ____________________.
 

 

 60. 
The tendency of an object to resist a change in motion is called ____________________.
 

 

 61. 
______________ energy is the sum of the potential and kinetic energy of an object.
 

 

 62. 
Newton's first law of motion states that an object stays in constant motion unless a(n) ____________________ force acts on it.
 

 

 63. 
Friction always acts in a direction ____________________ to the direction of motion.
 

 

 64. 
According to Newton's second law of motion, a larger force acting on an object causes a greater ____________________ of that object.
 

 

 65. 
When you throw a ball into the air, ____________________ causes the ball to experience vertical acceleration.
 

 

 66. 
If you triple the net force on an object, the acceleration will ____________________.
 

 

 67. 
Mike has a mass of 60 kg. He pulls on a wagon of mass 30 kg with a force of 20 N. The wagon remains motionless. The wagon exerts a force of ____________________ on Mike.
 

 

 68. 
Action-reaction forces always act on ____________________ objects.
 

 

 69. 
To keep a sled accelerating downhill, the force of gravity must be greater than the ____________________ force.
 

 

 70. 
A rocket launching is an example of Newton's ____________________ law.
 

 

 71. 
To do work, you need ____________________.
 

 

 72. 
Kinetic energy is the energy of ____________________.
 

 

 73. 
A pizza oven has ____________________ energy.
 

 

 74. 
All power plants use a ____________________ to create electricity.
 

 

 75. 
Burning fossil fuels produces ____________________, which may cause Earth's climate to warm.
 

 

 76. 
____________________ energy comes from the nuclei of uranium atoms.
 

 

 77. 
An energy source that is used up much faster than it can be replaced is a(n) ____________________ resource.
 

 

Short Answer
 

 78. 
Give two reasons why people say that we have an energy crisis.
 

 79. 
Give an advantage and a disadvantage of wind energy.
 

 80. 
You are in a car going 70 km/h and another car passes you going in the opposite direction at 70 km/h. Do both cars have the same velocity? Explain.
 

 81. 
If you ride your bike around the block, returning to the exact point where you started, what is your displacement?
 

 82. 
A truck and a bicycle have the same momentum. Which would be harder to stop? Explain.
 

 83. 
Two objects that have the same weight are dropped from a tall building. One object is larger and flatter than the other. Explain why the larger object hits the ground last.
 

 84. 
List the forces that act on a table tennis ball during a game and explain how they affect the ball.
 

 85. 
Name two ways you could increase the potential energy of a bucket of water sitting on a bench.
 

 86. 
You eat a hamburger then ride your scooter. Trace the energy transformations involved.
 
 
nar001-1.jpg
Figure 13-1
 

 87. 
In Figure 13-1, a rubber ball is dropped and bounces back up. What kind of energy does the ball have at points A, B, and C?
 

 88. 
In Figure 13-1, when the ball bounces back up, it doesn’t quite reach the height of the hand. Is energy lost? Explain.
 

 89. 
List two advantages and two disadvantages of fossil fuels.
 

 90. 
Why is it necessary to include some kind of storage mechanism in a solar energy system?
 

 91. 
Why do we need to find an alternative to fossil fuels?
 

 92. 
Acceleration depends on which two factors?
 

 93. 
Trace the flow of energy in a hydroelectric plant.
 

 94. 
Explain how energy from fossil fuels gets to your car, starting with the Sun.
 

Problem
 

 95. 
You travel 190 km in 2 h. What is your speed in km/h?
 

 96. 
A car goes from 80 km/h to 20 km/h in 0.5 h. What is the acceleration in km/h2?"
 

 97. 
A 50-kg object has a momentum of 600 kg x m/s. What is its velocity?
 

 98. 
A 50-kg object moving at 12 m/s has a momentum of 600 kg ´ g m/s. What is the mass of an object, moving at 4 m/s that has the same momentum?
 

 99. 
A 25-kg object moving at 15 m/s collides with a 15-kg object that is standing still. They stick together and keep moving. What is the final velocity?
 

 100. 
Calculate the force on an object that has a mass of 12 kg and an acceleration of 4 m/s2.
 



 
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